In the USSR, political prisoners who were scientists were not always sent to GULAG, but also to The First Circle (named after Dante's Inferno), a special incarceration unit near Moscow where they could work for the government.
1993
1918
1941
1948
1952
1938
1942
2016
1944
1945
1946
2015
1943
1940
1949
2025
2014